Energy Conversion Table

To Convert Coal:	To:	Multiply By:
Short or Net Tons (2,000 lbs.)	Metric Tons	0.907185
Short or Net Tons (2,000 lbs.)	Long Tons	0.892857
Short or Net Tons (2,000 lbs.)	Pounds	2,000
Short Tons of Coal Equivalent	BTUs	25,198,000
Metric Tons (2,240 lbs.)	Short or Net Tons	1.10231
Metric Tons (2,240 lbs.)	Long Tons	0.984207
Metric Tons of Coal Equivalent	BTUs	27,776,000
Kilograms	Pounds	2.205
Pounds	Kilograms	2.2046

Short Ton	Equals	2,000 Kilowatthours of electricity (approximately)
1,000 KWH	Equals	A half ton of coal (approximately)

Approximate Equivalents:	Heat Value(000 Btus)	Crude Petroleum (Barrel)	Anthracite Coal (Short Ton)	Bituminous Coal (Short Ton)	Natural Gas Dry (1000 Cu Ft)
Crude Petroleum (Barrel)	5,800	0	0.228	0.221	5.604
Anthracite Coal (Short Ton)	25,400	4.379	0	0.969	24.541
Bituminous Coal & Lignite (Short Ton)	26,200	4.517	1.031	0	25.314
Natural Gas (1,000 Cubic Feet)	1,035	0.178	0.041	0.04	0

Sources: Energy Information Administration; NMA statistical publications; and American Petroleum Institute Petroleum Measurement Tables.

  Coal Generation - Power Plant Equivalents

In order to replace the current 300 gigawatts of coal capacity the US has today, it would require:

Solar Setups	300 million	It may take more - average daily sunlight by region varies.
Windmills	860,000 large windmills	They would occupy an area the size of Ohio, NJ, PA & MD combined
Nuclear Plants	300 -1,000 megawatt plants	Could take as long as 50 years to build
Combined Cycle Natural Gas Plants	1 thousand	The US would need to increase its annual gas supplies by 70%

Source: CONSOl Energy Inc., (as reported in Coal Leader , September 2003)

  Coal and Electricity Equivalents - 2001

On Average:

• One ton of coal is the equivalent of approximately 2,000 Kilowatt Hours of Electricity. One thousand KWh's is the equivalent of about half a ton of coal (1,000 lbs.).
• The average residential electricity customer in the U.S. uses 877 KWh's of electricity per month, or 10,500 KWh's annually. Electricity consumption of 877 KWh's of electricity monthly would require approximately 29 pounds of coal per day, 870 pounds of coal per month or a little more than 5 tons of coal per year.
• 1,000 KWh's of electricity is the equivalent of 34 days use per household.
• One million short tons of coal would be enough to provide electricity to more than 190,000 customers annually. One short ton of coal could provide a residential household with electricity for 2 months.

Notes: Assumes 10,119 Btu per KWh at fossil fuel plants, approximate heat content of 20.479 million Btu per short ton of coal, and average monthly U.S. consumption of 877 KWh.

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Monthly Energy Review 2001, June 2003, Tables A5, A6; Electric Sales and Revenue 2001, Table 1.