WPC# 2QBORVZ|d"m+^8AM``AAA`k2A26``````````66kkkTwkAIwkkwwA6AX`AT`T`TA``66`6````AI6````T\&\hA2hXAAA2AAAAAAAA`6TTTTT}TwTwTwTwTA6A6A6A6``````````T`^```k`TTTTTTTywTwTwTwT````````A6A6A6A6kI`w6wMw6wAw6`q````AAAkIkIkIkIwQw6w6```````wTwTwT`w6`AkIw6``y``2``@#@WddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNEssEX`AT`````6=`:=`:AATT`BBs``uEssErkkAT`:"`soh`kss` 5f@8,?f\  P6G;?PHP LaserJet 4HPLAS4.PRS 4?f\  P6G;\#n?P2rO$  X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:, P age,  s5J  F ooter, B , E dit. Delete the "Project Name (ftr B)" text and replace it  s5 with the name of the project (bolded) . , until you arrive at the document text.d# ,D.The Guide Specifications are being reviewed and revised. Your technical comments on any guide spec would be greatly appreciated.d#  s4  DRAWING DATA REQUIRED: ,1.Locations and configurations of signs.d# ,2.Message texts, lettering and spacing. Coordinate plaque size with letter size (especially in width).d# ,3.Dimensions, elevations, and mounting details.d# ,4.Direction of arrows.d# ,5.Include provision for concealed entry of electric service to internally illuminated signs through foundation to post.d#  s4  REVISIONS OF THIS SECTION:  r5c  CSI format, editorial changes: 9/97 Metric: Technical Update: 9/97 0*(( NL s4 #d `7#`d#?EXTERIOR FREESTANDING SIGNS Project Name (ftr B)` !d#T[9/97] .10431   b-SECTION 10431 &EXTERIOR FREESTANDING SIGNS PART 1 GENERALd# 1.1 SUMMARYd# ,A.Section Includes: [Furnishing and] [Installing] exterior post and panel type signs [including electrical sign lighting].d# ,B.Related Sections:d# ************************************************** DELETE EITHER 01009 OR 01010. EITHER SECTION 01300 OR 01410 MUST BE USED WHEN 01010 IS USED. ************************************************** ,General Information and Requirementsd#`Pd#MSection 01009 ,Summary of Workd#`Pd#MSection 01010 ,GovernmentFurnished Propertyd#`Pd#MSection 01019 ,Submittal Proceduresd#`Pd#MSection 01330 ,Minor Concreted#`Pd#MSection 03306 ,Structural Concreted#`Pd#MSection 03310 ,PreservativeTreated Poles and Postsd#`Pd#MSection 06312 ,Electricald#`d#ODivision 16 1.2 SUBMITTALSd# ,A.General: Submittals shall be according to [Section 01009 General Information and Requirements.] [Section 01330 Submittal Procedures.]d# ,B.Manufacturer's Literature: Submit three copies of the manufacturer's descriptive data, catalog cuts, and installation, maintenance, and cleaning instructions for the sign types including materials and components to be used on this project.d# ,C.Shop Drawings: [Drawings shall be prepared by and bear the stamp of a [registered engineer] [licensed architect]. [Furnish a bill of materials with the shop drawings.] Include a schedule showing the location of [_______]. Drawings shall be [same] [larger] scale as the full size Contract Drawings. Submit three copies of shop [and erection] drawings. Drawings shall include the following:d# ,1.` ` Detail drawingsd#` ,2.` ` Templatesd#` ,3.` ` Erection or installation and mounting or anchoring.d#` ,4.` ` Dimensions and elevations of each type of sign, including thickness of materials.d#` ,5.` ` Reinforcement and anchoraged#` ,6.` ` Schedule showing location of each sign.d#` ***************************************************** INCLUDE ITEMS AS APPROPRIATE. CONSIDER USING MANUFACTURER'S CATALOG DATA IN LIEU OF SAMPLES OR CERTIFICATES. ***************************************************** ,D.Samples: Submit three samples of each [color] [and] [pattern] [style] of lettering [______] to be used on this project. [Samples shall be actual material in] [colors required] [the full range of colors required.] [Furnish [ ] copies of the manufacturer's standard color chart for color selection.] [Stain] [Paint] [Finish] [shall be on the same base material as required in this specification.] Samples may be}&0*s's' installed in the work, provided each sample is clearly identified and its location recorded.d# PART 2 I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a).1 A. 1. a. 1) a)(1)(a) PRODUCTSd# 2.1 PANEL MATERIALSd# ,A.Wood Face Panel: [Will be furnished by the Contracting Officer according to Section 01019 GovernmentFurnished Property.] Shall be 3inch thick (actual) [unless shown otherwise], of clear, heart, vertical grain redwood or cedar according to WWPA Standard Grading Rules for Western Lumber.] [Western redcedar according to WCLIB Standard Rules for West Coast Lumber.] [as shown on the drawings.]d# ,B.Aluminum Alloy Panels: Panels shall be provided in sizes shown on drawings. Panels shall be designed to be interchangeable. Panels with metal return sheeting shall have welded corners, ground smooth. [Heliarc weld panel to framing system.]d# ,1.` ` Sheet or Plate: ASTM B 209[M], Alloy 6061T6. The blanks shall be free from laminations, blisters, open seams, pits, holes or other defects that affect appearance or use. Shearing, cutting, or punching shall be accomplished prior to preparing the blanks for application of reflective material. Provide at least 1.3mm (16gage, 0.0508inch) thick.d#` ,2.` ` Aluminum Extrusions: ASTM B 221[M]. Provide aluminum extrusions at least 3 mm (1/8 inch) thick.d#` ,3.` ` Aluminum Castings: ASTM B 26[M] or ASTM B 108. Provide aluminum castings of solid aluminum cast certified by AA 46 alloy designation B443.0. Burrs and rough spots shall be removed and polished. Faces shall be finished to a uniform high luster.d#` ,` ` a.@ @ Where anodic coatings are specified, alloy shall conform to Aluminum Association's alloy designation 514.0 or A514.0.d#@ ,C.Steel Panels: Panels shall be provided in sizes shown on drawings. Panels shall be designed to be interchangeable. Panels with metal return sheeting shall have welded corners, ground smooth. [Heliarc weld panel to framing system.]d# ,1.` ` Structural Steel: ASTM A 36[M].d#` ,2.` ` Sheet, Strip, or Plates: [ASTM A 167] [ASTM A 570].d#` ,3.` ` Cast Metal: Fabricate with square corners, flat faces, and accurate profiles. Remove burrs and rough spots. Belt polish faces to uniform high luster finish. File sides smooth with tool marks removed by fine abrasive grain air blasting, or other suitable method.d#` ,4.` ` Cast Bronze: ASTM B 62. Burrs and rough spots shall be removed and polished. Faces shall be finished to a uniform high luster.d#` ,D.Cast Plaques: Metal plaques shall consist of cast [aluminum] [bronze] panels with [leatherette] [pebble] background texture with [clear lacquer] [oxidized] [paint] finish. Letter styles and sizes shall be as shown on the drawings. Letters shall be sharp and hand tooled. Faces of letters shall be polished satin finish. Border style shall be [standard] [custom] design as shown on the drawings. Borders and faces shall have sharp hand tooled edges. d# ,1.` ` Mounting Method: Plaque mounting method shall be concealed fastening or rosette fastening as shown on the drawings. d#` ,E.Glass: ASTM C 1036, Type 1, Class 1, Quality q3; and ANSI Z 97.1.d# }&0*s's'Ԍ,F.FiberReinforced Polyester (FRP): ASTM D 3841, Type II, Grade 1, Class 124, color: [_____] [as indicated].d# ,G.Acrylic Sheet: [ASTM D 4802, Type III.] [Acrylic sheet shall be in accordance with the flammability requirements of ASTM E 84 and shall conform to ANSI Z97.1.]d# ,H.Polycarbonate Sheet: SAE AMS 3611.d# ,I.Concrete: Shall be 2500psi, 28day strength concrete and meet the requirements of [Section 03306 Minor Concrete.] [Section 03310 Structural Concrete.]d# ,J.Rock: Shall be sound and durable rock selected from the project area. Rock source, type of rock, and rock color shall be approved by the Contracting Officer.d# ,K.Masonry Mortar: ASTM C 91, one part masonry cement; ASTM C 144, two parts fine aggregates.d# ,L.Posts: [As shown on the drawing.] Provide one-piece [wood] [aluminum] [galvanized steel] posts. Posts shall be designed to accept panel framing system described herein. The post shall be designed to permit attachment of panel framing system without exposed fasteners. [Provide cap for each post, matching design, material and color of the post.]d# ,1.` ` Steel Posts: ASTM A 499, [billet or rail steel] and galvanized according to ASTM A 123.] [ASTM A 446, square tube]. Posts shall be 2 by 2inch [12ga tube] [unless shown otherwise]. [The posts shall have 3/8 inch holes drilled or punched, before galvanizing, along the centerline of the post. The holes shall begin 1 inch from the ends of the post and be spaced 1 inch apart.]d#` ,2.` ` Aluminum Posts: Provide one-piece extruded aluminum posts with minimum 3.17mm (0.125inch) wall thickness, unless shown otherwise.d#` ,3.` ` Wood Posts: Shall be [10inch diameter] [4 by 4inch, S45] [unless shown otherwise]. [Douglas Fir], [western red cedar], [telephone pole] quality or better. Preservative treatment shall be according to Section 06312 PreservativeTreated Poles and Posts.d#` ,E.Panel Framing System: Provide panel framing consisting of [aluminum extrusions and] [interlocking track components] designed to interlock with posts by concealed fasteners. [Design top or bottom framing members to be removable to permit [access to electrical equipment] [and] [panel removal].]d# ,F.Fasteners, Anchors, and Hardware: Shall be compatible with sign material to which applied with matching color and finish. Protect against galvanic action or chemical interaction of adhesives. Provide and install approved antitheft nut and nylon washer with bolts.] Sizes shall be as shown on the drawings, or no smaller than 5/16 inch.d# ,1.` ` ASTM A 153 for galvanized steel. d#` ,2.` ` Expansion Shields: Shields shall be recessed and [unless otherwise indicated,] not less than 65mm (2 1/2inches) into concrete or masonry.d#` ,3.` ` Lag Screws and Bolts: ANSI B18.2.1.d#` ,4.` ` Bolts, Nuts, Studs, and Rivets: ANSI B18.2.1 or ANSI B18.7.d#` ,5.` ` Powder Driven Fasteners: When permitted by ANSI A10.3. Follow safety provisions of ANSI A10.3.d#` %0*s's'Ԍ,6.` ` Screws: ANSI B18.2.1, ANSI B18.6.1, ANSI B18.6.2, and ANSI B18.6.3.d#` ***************************************************** Coordinate illumination with Division 16, "Electrical," and available electric service. ***************************************************** ,G.Illumination: Provide concealed lighting within panel framing members. Provide T-12 slimline lamps, [120] [277] [___] volts, 60 Hertz, singlephase, Type I, or Type 2 ballast. Provide ballast integrally mounted, high power factor and rated for use up to minus 29degreesC (minus 20degreesF) ambient starting temperature. Provide ballast and wiring within the sign in metal raceways. [For outdoor signs provide Type 1 or Type 2 ballast.] Provide UL listed electrical equipment that complies with NFPA 70. Evenly distribute illumination so that graphics glow with a minimum of halation. Provide a switch on the interior of the sign to turn off power in sign. Provide a switch readily accessible when sign is open. d# 2.2 GRAPHICS AND LETTERINGd# ,A.Tactile Requirements: Signage that provides permanent information, general circulation directions, or identification of spaces shall be tactile (perceptible to touch) and shall comply with 36 CFR 1191 and FED-STD 795. Characters, symbols, or pictographs on tactile engraved signs shall meet 36 CFR 1191 Grade 2 braille and FED-STD 795.d# ,B.Visual Requirements: Characters and symbols shall contrast in color with their background.d# ,C.PressureApplied Lettering: Shall include a precoated pressure sensitive adhesive backing.d# ,1.` ` RetroReflective Vinyl: Provide pressure sensitive diecut vinyl letters conforming to AASHTO M 268 for Type II material. [Hand-cut letters are not acceptable.] Vinyl sheeting shall be in accordance with the flammability requirements of ASTM E 84 and shall be a minimum 0.08 mm (0.003 inch) film thickness. Background sheeting shall be standard brown, FHAPL color #5 with 3/4inch border. Lettering shall be reflectorized silver white. Minimum 0.08mm (0.003inch) film thickness. Adhesive backing shall be Class 1 or Class 3.d#` ,` ` a.@ @ Panel Message: Characters and symbols shall be direct applied.d#@ ,` ` b.@ @ Typeface: [Gothic sans serif] unless shown otherwise.d#@ ,2.` ` [Aluminum] [Steel] Lettering: Provide pressure sensitive die-cut letters [with reflecting surface]. Hand-cut letters are not acceptable.]d#` ,D.FastenerApplied Lettering: Provide [cast] [custom fabricated] [plate] [aluminum] [steel] [acrylic] [wood] letters and graphics, [6][13]mm ([1/4] [1/2]inch) thick. Internally attach to the message panel with concealed fasteners. Message shall be as shown on the drawings.d# ,E.Projected Letters: Letters shall be [cast] [extruded] [fabricated] [aluminum] [bronze][wood] [acrylic] in sizes shown on the drawings. Project letters [___]mm ([___]inches) from face of panel or as shown on the drawings.d# ,1.` ` Letters which project from the panel face shall have stud spacer sleeves. Letters, studs, and sleeves shall be of the same material. Templates for mounting shall be supplied.d#` }&0*s's'Ԍ,F.Cutout Recessed Letters: Cut out message letters from panel. d# ,1.` ` Back up panel with 2mm (0.080inch) FRP where cutouts occur.d#` ,2.` ` Back up panel with 3mm (0.125 inch) acrylic where cutouts occur.d#` ,3.` ` Recessed surface shall be contrasting color from [wood] [aluminum] [steel] [bronze] face of panel.d#` ,G.Embedded Letters: Embed message in FRP sheet and completely cover with thermosetting polyester resin. Embed message minimum 0.80mm (1/32inch). Process sheets in one piece, in one process, to prevent delamination.d# ,H.Silkscreened Images: Apply message to panel using the silkscreen process. Execute silkscreened images with photo screens prepared from original art. No handcut screens will be accepted. Original art shall be defined as artwork that is a first generation reproduction of the specified art. Clean edges and corners. Rounded corners, cut or ragged edges, edge build-up, bleeding or surface pinholes will not be accepted.d# ,I.Frisket Method: Message shall be applied using the frisket method. Photomechanically reproduced graphic masks shall be applied to the sign face which has been coated with the graphics color. A background shall then be applied to the exposed surfaces. No handcut masks will be accepted. Edges that are nicked, cut, or ragged will not be acceptable.d# 2.3 FABRICATION AND MANUFACTUREd# ,A.Requirements: Work shall be assembled in the shop, insofar as practicable, ready for installation at the site. Work that cannot be shop assembled shall be given a trial fit in the shop to ensure proper field assembly. Holes for bolts and screws shall be drilled or punched. Drilling and punching shall produce clean, true lines and surfaces. Welding to or on structural steel shall be in accordance with AWS D1.1. Welding shall be continuous along the entire area of contact. Exposed welds shall be ground smooth. Exposed surfaces of work shall have a smooth finish and exposed riveting shall be flush. Fastenings shall be concealed where practicable. Items specified to be galvanized shall be by hot-dip process after fabrication if practicable. Galvanization shall be in accordance with ASTM A 123 and ASTM A 653[M], as applicable. Other metallic coatings of steel sheet shall be in accordance with ASTM A 924[M]. Joints exposed to the weather shall be formed to exclude water. Drainage and weep holes shall be included as required to prevent condensation buildup.d# ,B.Dissimilar Materials: Where dissimilar metals are in contact, or where aluminum is in contact with concrete, mortar, masonry, wet or pressure-treated wood, or absorptive materials subject to wetting, protect surfaces with [two coats of epoxy primer at 0.08mm (3.0mils) dry film thickness (DFT) each coat and finish with one coat of latex paint at 0.050mm (2.0mils) DFT] [a coat of asphalt varnish or a coat of zinc-molybdate primer] to prevent galvanic or corrosive action.d# ***************************************************** IF SIGNS ARE TO HAVE EXTENSIVE METAL PARTS OR ARE TO BE ANCHORED TO STRUCTURAL STEEL, INCLUDE THIS PARAGRAPH. OTHERWISE EDIT AS APPROPRIATE. ***************************************************** %0*s's'Ԍ,C.Shop Painting: Surfaces of miscellaneous metal work, except nonferrous metal, corrosion resisting steel, and zinc-coated work, shall be given one coat of zinc-molybdate primer or an approved rust-resisting treatment and metallic primer in accordance with manufacturer's standard practice. Surfaces of items to be embedded in concrete shall not be painted. Upon completion of work, damaged surfaces shall be recoated.d# 2.4 FINISHESd# ,A.Aluminum Finishes: Provide exposed aluminum surfaces [mill finished] [factory finished with [anodic coating] [or] [organic coating]]. d# ,1.` ` Anodic Coating: Anodized finish shall conform to AA DAF-45 as follows:d#` ,` ` a.@ @ Clear (natural) designation AA-M10-C22-A31, Architectural Class II 0.010mm (0.4 mil) or thicker.d#@ ,` ` b.@ @ Clear (natural) designation AA-M10-C2-A41, Architectural Class I 0.018mm (0.7 mil) or thicker.d#@ ,` ` c.@ @ Integral color anodized designation AA-M10-C22-A32, Architectural Class II 0.010 to 0.018mm (0.4 to 0.7mil). Color: [_____] [as indicated].d#@ ,` ` d.@ @ Integral color-anodized designation AA-M10-C22-A42, Architectural Class I 0.018mm (0.7 mil) or thicker. Color: [_____] [as indicated].d#@ ,` ` e.@ @ Electrolytically deposited color-anodized designation AA-M10-C22-A34, Architectural Class II 0.010 to 0.018mm (0.4 to 0.7mil). Color: [_____] [as indicated].d#@ ,` ` f.@ @ Electrolytically deposited color-anodized designation AA-M10-C22-A44, Architectural Class I 0.018mm (0.7 mil) or thicker. Color: [_____] [as indicated].d#@ ***************************************************** ORGANIC COATING IS A SURFACE FINISH BY PAINT, LACQUER, ENAMEL OR FILM IN WHICH THE PRINCIPAL INGREDIENTS ARE DERIVED FROM ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE MATTER OR FROM SOME COMPOUND OF CARBON. ***************************************************** ,2.` ` Organic Coating: Clean, prime and provide exposed [aluminum] [wood] [steel] surfaces with a [semigloss] baked enamel [or twocomponent acrylic polyurethane] finish in accordance with [AAMA 605.2] [NAAMM AMP 505], with total dry film thickness not less than 0.03mm (1.2 mils). Color: [_____] [as indicated].d#` ,` ` a.@ @ Stain: For wood panel signs shall be semitransparent oilbase penetrating rustic stain, as approved.d#@ PART 3.1 A. 1. a. 1) a)(1)(a).1 A. 1. a. 1) a)(1)(a) EXECUTIONd# 3.1 PREPARATIONd# ,A.Location: Exact sign locations will be staked by the Government. Locations will be in the proximity of the locations shown on the drawings.d# ,B.Examination: Examine condition of locations and surfaces on which signs will be installed. Do not proceed with installation until defects or errors which would result in poor installation have been corrected.d# ,C.Cleaning Letters: Clean [aluminum] [steel] letters by chemical etching or clean ultrasonically in a special degreasing bath using high frequency sound waves. Package letters to protect them until installation.d#}&0*s's'Ԍ3.2 INSTALLATIONd# ,A.General: Signs will be approved by the Contracting Officer before installation. Install signs at locations as indicated. Ensure that signs are installed plumb and true, at mounting heights indicated, and by method shown or specified.d# ,B.Excavation: Excavate holes for the sign posts. Wood posts may be set in holes without concrete provided the holes are the same size as the posts. Backfill shall be accomplished as required to complete the installation.d# ,C.Embedding and Anchoring: [Removable mounting shall be provided by a steel [sleeve] [plate] embedded in concrete as shown.] [Permanent mounting shall be provided by embedding posts in concrete foundation as shown.] [The concrete shall be finished at or slightly below ground line and care shall be taken not to splash concrete on the posts.] d# ,1.` ` Concrete is specified in Section [03306 Minor Concrete] [03310 Structural Concrete].d#` ,2.` ` Anchorage: Provide anchorage to ensure that signs are fastened securely in place. Anchorage not otherwise specified or indicated shall include slotted inserts, expansion shields, and power-driven fasteners when approved for concrete; toggle bolts and through bolts for masonry; machine and carriage bolts for steel; through bolts, lag bolts, and screws for wood. Provide slotted inserts of types required to engage with anchors.d#` ,D.Lettering and Graphics: Follow manufacturer's approved written instructions. Completed sign messages shall be installed or applied to provide continuous characters and symbols, free of warp, blisters, wrinkles, burrs, and splinters.d# ,1.` ` Mounting Projected Lettering: [Secure in quick-setting mortar, for concealed anchorage.] Project letters 13mm (1/2 inch) from the panel face unless shown otherwise, by [_____] spacers. Letters and spacers shall be of the same material. Provide and use mounting templates.d#` ,2.` ` PressureApplied Lettering: Shall be applied in true lines as shown on the drawings, according to manufacturer's written instructions.d#` ,E.Masonry: Shall be accomplished as shown on the drawings. Joints shall be struck with a round tool to close joints of cracks.d# ,F.Electrical Materials: Install according to the appropriate electrical sections.d# 3.3 ADJUST AND CLEANd# ,A.Requirements: Repair damage to signs incurred during installation. Replace signs which cannot be repaired to new condition. Clean glass, frames, and other sign surfaces, adjust hardware [and electrical equipment] for proper operation.d# 3.4 DEMONSTRATIONd# ,A.Requirements: Demonstrate the maintenance required for the illuminated signs.d# 3.5 PROTECTIONd# }&0*s's'Ԍ,A.Requirements: Protect work and adjacent work and materials against damage during progress of work until completion. Wrap finished work with paper, polyethylene film, or strippable waterproof tape for shipment and storage and protect from damage during installation.d# PART 4 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENTd# 4.1 METHOD OF MEASUREMENTd# ***************************************************** WHEN A "LUMP SUM" CONTRACT IS USED, DELETE THE TITLE PART 4: MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT, AND BOTH ARTICLES FROM THIS SECTION. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT WILL BE ADDRESSED IN PART 4 OF SECTION 01009 GENERAL INFORMATION AND REQUIREMENTS OR SECTION 01010 SUMMARY OF WORK. WHEN NOT A "LUMP SUM" CONTRACT, SELECT APPLICABLE PHRASES; USE THE "NO MEASUREMENT" PHRASE WHEN NONE OF THE PAY ITEMS IN THIS SECTION ARE INCLUDED IN THE BID SCHEDULE. ***************************************************** ,A.Units: The work described in this section will [not be measured for payment.] [be measured and paid for] [on a lump sum basis.] [by each sign installed.]d# 4.2 BASIS OF PAYMENTd# ***************************************************** WHEN NOT A "LUMP SUM" CONTRACT, SELECT APPLICABLE PHRASES; USE THE "NO DIRECT PAYMENT" PHRASE WHEN NONE OF THE PAY ITEMS IN THIS SECTION ARE INCLUDED IN THE BID SCHEDULE. WHEN NOT A "LUMP SUM" CONTRACT AND PAYMENT IS TO BE MADE UNDER THIS SECTION, SELECT APPLICABLE PAY ITEMS. DO NOT CHANGE PAY ITEM NUMBER. WHEN GOVERNMENTFURNISHED PROPERTY IS SPECIFIED FOR PAY ITEMS, THE LETTER SUFFIX GF WILL BE ADDED AFTER THE PARENTHESIS OF THE ITEM NUMBER. ***************************************************** ,A.Payment: [No direct payment for the work described under this section will be made. Consideration for this item shall be included in the bid price for other scheduled items of the Contract.] [Prices and payment will be full compensation for the work described in this section. Payment will be made under:]d# , Pay Item@ @  !Pay Unitd# ,10431(01) !Wood Signsd# pD d#RLump Sum ,10431(02) !Wood Signsd# p!d#VEach ,10431(03) !Metal Signsd# pD d#RLump Sum ,10431(04) !Metal Signsd# p!d#VEach ,10431(05) !Acrylic Signsd# pD d#RLump Sum ,10431(06) !Acrylic Signsd# p!d#VEach ,10431(07) !Custom Signsd# pD d#RLump Sum ,10431(08) !Custom Signsd# p!d#VEach 0,END OF SECTION