A. LANDFORM/WATER BODY.

1. Reduce Size of Cut and Fill Slopes. Consider:
   1. relocating to an area with less slope.
   2. changing road width, grade, etc.
   3. changing alignment to follow existing grades.
   4. prohibiting dumping of excess material on downhill slopes.
2. Reduce Earthwork Contrasts. Consider:
   1. rounding and/or warping slopes.
   2. retaining rocks, trees, drainage, etc.
   3. toning down freshly broken rock faces with asphalt emulsion spray or with gray point.
   4. (dding mulch, hydromulch, or topsoil.
   5. shaping cuts and fills to appear as natural forms.
   6. cutting rock areas so forms are irregular.
   7. designing to take advantage of natural screens (i.e., vegetation, land forms).
   8. grass seeding of cuts and fills.
3. Maintain the Integrity of Topographic Units. Consider:
   1. locating projects away from prominent topographic features.
   2. designing projects to blend with topographic forms in shape and placement.

B. VEGETATION.

1. Retain Existing Vegetation. Consider:
   1. using retaining walls on fill slopes.
   2. reducing surface disturbance.
   3. protecting roots from damage during excavations.
2. Enhance Revegetation. Consider:
   1. mulching cleared areas.
   2. controlling planting times.
   3. furrowing slopes.
   4. planting holes on cut/fill slopes.
   5. choosing native plant species.
   6. stockpiling and reusing topsoil.
   7. fertilizing, mulching, and watering vegetation.
3. Minimize Impact on Existing Vegetation. Consider:
   1. partial cut instead of clear cut.
   2. using irregular clearing shapes.
   3. feathering/thinning edges.
   4. disposing of all slash.
   5. controlling construction access.
   6. utilizing existing roads.
   7. limiting work within construction area.
   8. selecting type of equipment to be used.
   9. minimizing clearing size (i.e., strip only where necessary).
   10. grass seeding of cleared areas.
4. Maintain the Integrity of Vegetative Units. Consider:
   1. utilizing the edge effect for structure placement along natural vegetative breaks.

C. STRUCTURES.

1. Minimize the Number of Visible Structures.
2. Minimize Structure Contrast. Consider:
   1. using earth-tone paints and stains.
   2. using cor-ten steel (self-weathering).
   3. treating wood for self-weathering.
   4. using natural stone surfaces.
   5. burying all or part of the structure.
   6. selecting paint finishes with low levels of reflectivity (i.e., flat or semi-gloss).
3. Redesign Structures that do not Blend/Fit. Consider:
   1. using rustic designs and native building materials.
   2. using natural appearing forms to complement landscape character (use special designs only as a last resort).
   3. relocating structure.
4. Minimize Impact of Utility Crossings. Consider:
   1. making crossings at right angles.
   2. setting back structures at a maximum distance from the crossing.
   3. leaving vegetation along the roadside.
   4. minimizing viewing time.
   5. utilizing natural screening.
5. Recognize the Value and Limitations of Color. Consider:
   1. that color (hue) is most effective within 1,000 feet. Beyond that point color becomes more difficult to distinguish and tone or value determines visibility and resulting visual contrast.
   2. that using color has limited effectiveness (in the background distance zone) in reducing visual impacts on structures that are silhouetted against the sky.
   3. painting structures somewhat darker than the adjacent landscape to compensate for the effects of shade and shadow.
   4. selecting color to blend with the land and not the sky.