More than 4,500 cultural resources are recorded in this region, including significant archaeological and historic sites, historic roads and trails, and properties of traditional cultural important to Native American tribes. BLM is required to identify, preserve, and protect significant cultural resources and ensure they are available for appropriate uses by present and future generations.

Native Americans occupied the Jarbidge area for the past 12,000 years or more. Regionally significant cultural resources are present within the area including rock art, rock shelters, and other archaeological sites. The geologic landforms provided habitation as well as habitat for a variety of food sources used by the indigenous people including elk, bighorn sheep, mule deer, pronghorn, other fish and wildlife, and a wide variety of plants used as food, for medicinal purposes, twine, and other uses.