ABBREVIATIONS

  8-11. The following abbreviations, especially suited to field notes of surveys, are permitted in the final transcript record, and are used when repetitions in the form of the record and the expression used are such as to make the abbreviations readily understood. These abbreviations are in addition to those shown in chapter II for analytical notation of observations, and those shown in chapter IV for marks upon monuments. Some of these abbreviations, as appropriate, are employed upon the township plat. ; All abbreviations will be given capital or lower-case letters the same as would be proper if the spelling were to be completed.

TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS

      A  -  acres
      alt. -  altitude
      a.m. -  forenoon
      AM -  amended
      app. noon -  apparent noon
      app. t.-  apparent time
      asc. -  ascend
      BM - bench mark
      bet. - between
      bdy., bdrs.- boundary, boundaries
      ch., chs.- chain, chains
      cor., cors.- corner, corners
      corr.- correction
      decl. - declination
      dep. -  departure
      desc. - descend
      diam. - diameter
      dir.- direct
      dist.- distance, or distant
      E. - east
      e.e. - eastern elongation
      elev. - elevation
      ft. - foot, feet
      frac.-  fractional
      Gr.-  Greenwich
      GM - guide meridian
      hor.- horizontal
       h. - hour, hours
      h.a. -  hour angle
      in., ins. - inch, inches
      lat -  latitude
      lk., lks. -   link, links
      l.m. noon -   local mean noon
      l.m.t.        -   local mean time
      log.- logarithmic function
      long.- longitude
      l.c. - lower culmination
      m. - minute, minutes, (time)
      meas.- measurement
      mer. - meridian
      Mi. Cor. -  mile corner
      mkd. - marked
      MS - mineral survey
      N. -  north
      NE - northeast
      NW - northwest
      No.- number
      obs.- observe
      obsn.- observation
      orig.- original
      p.m.- afternoon
      pt.- point
      Prin. Mer. - principal meridian
      R., Rs.-  range, ranges
      red. -  reduction
      rev. -  reverse
      s. -  second, seconds, (time)
      sec., secs.-  section, sections
      S. - south
      SE -  southeast
      SW- southwest
      sq.-  square
      Stan. Par.-  standard parallel
      sta. -  station
      temp. -  temporary
      t. - time
      T., Tp., Tps.  - township, townships
      u.c. -   upper culmination
      USLM  -  United States Location Monument
      USMM -    United States Mineral Monument(1)
      vert, -   vertical
      W. -    west(2)
      w.e. -  western elongation
      x - separating dimension values

      ____________________________________________________